Install

for file install

$ dpkg -L vim
/usr/bin/vim.basic
/usr/share
/usr/share/lintian
/usr/share/lintian/overrides
/usr/share/lintian/overrides/vim

$ dpkg -S or apt-file search *.h

bin installed

$ aptitude search gcc
i   gcc                             - compilateur C GNU                         
p   gcc:i386                        - compilateur C GNU                         
p   gcc-4.4                         - compilateur C GNU                         
p   gcc-4.4:i386                    - compilateur C GNU